Tag Archives: infertility

Impact of Thyroid Disorder on Fertility

hypothyroidism and infertility

Our thyroid gland produces hormones that control our metabolism which is responsible for vital functions. Thyroid disorders are a clutch of conditions when this very important gland malfunctions, resulting in either too much (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism) production of thyroid hormones.

Can thyroid disorders interfere with fertility?

Hypothyroidism is sometimes associated with infertility among women, since low levels of these hormones could impair fertility by impeding the release of an egg from the ovary.

Hypothyroidism is often precipitated by an autoimmune disorder or pituitary disorder, which in itself might cause a roadblock to fertility. There’s also a risk of early miscarriage because of lack of implantation. Having said that, hyperthyroidism can also impact fertility. While thyroid disorders and fertility issues are more often than not linked to women, sometimes the male partner is also affected since these conditions could damage sperm quality and hinder motility, besides reducing semen volume.

What are some common symptoms of hypothyroidism?

  • Heavy or frequent periods
  • Feeling tired and sore all the time
  • Dryness of skin and hair, thinning hair
  • Tendency to forget things
  • Hypersensitive to cold
  • Tendency to put on weight
  • Constipation

How can hypothyroidism impact fertility?

  • It can disrupt the menstrual cycle, rendering conception difficult
  • It can impede ovulation or release of an egg from the ovary
  • It raises the risk of miscarriage
  • It can result in pre-term birth

Can hyperthyroidism impact fertility too?

Yes, hyperthyroidism, which is often caused by an autoimmune disorder called Graves’ disease, can also impact fertility, in pretty much the same ways as hypothyroidism, like disturbing the periods, raising the risk of miscarriage and premature birth, etc.

How important is it to have thyroid disorders treated?

It is extremely critical to have your thyroid disorder medically evaluated and treated before you plan to have kids. It can reduce the risks related to pregnancy. For women, correcting infertility is hugely dependent on addressing hypothyroidism.

The treatment protocols for a dysfunctional thyroid would vary from patient to patient, depending on the severity of the condition and symptoms. More often than not, these disorders are treated with medication and regular monitoring. Close surveillance and follow-up will be the key. Very rarely does a thyroid disorder require surgery.

Women trying for pregnancy with hypothyroidism should work in tandem with a fertility expert for proper monitoring and cutting risks. Sometimes when hypothyroidism is corrected and yet the fertility problem remains, some other intervention could be required, which your fertility expert can then suggest.

So please remember that the thyroid gland could be tiny in size, but mammoth in its significance. So ignore symptoms of thyroid dysfunction at your own peril. Very often, the early warning signs of a dysfunctional thyroid are not heeded, which can result in fertility issues later.

So if you are experiencing irregular periods or any of the symptoms mentioned above, please see your doctor without procrastinating. The more you delay diagnosis, the more the chances of complication with your pregnancy, while an early detection of a thyroid condition will enable your doctor to prescribe medication in time, boosting your chances of hassle-free conception.

A few critical points to remember:

  • Let your doctor know if you are planning to conceive
  • Thyroid disorders are highly treatable and pregnancy shouldn’t be a problem once the condition is corrected
  • If you have received treatment for Graves’ disease, there’s a slim chance that your baby might suffer from a temporary phase of hyperthyroidism. This can, however, be treated
  • Do not alter your medication dosage without consulting your doctor if you are being treated for hyperthyroidism
  • You can have a passing disorder called postpartum thyroiditis, which often dissipates without any treatment
  • If there’s a family history of thyroid disorders, do consult your doctor before planning a pregnancy

In situations where a couple fails to conceive even after normalizing the thyroid levels post lifestyle modifications and medications, assisted reproduction provides an effective solution. In-vitro fertilization (IVF), Intra uterine insemination (IUI) and Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are recommended procedures that can help in inducing pregnancy and reducing chances of miscarriage.

Diabetes: How does it affect fertility?

Diabetes and infertility

Scientific research has established that uncontrolled diabetes can affect fertility and reproductive health in both men and women. It is linked to hormonal disruptions, poor sperm quality and DNA damage, often resulting in irregular or absent menstrual cycles in women, while men could find it difficult to achieve and maintain erections.

What effect does diabetes have on fertility?

Diabetes can have different repercussions among women and men in terms of affecting fertility.

In women:

Infections: Women with diabetes are more prone to infections and damage to their reproductive organs, most commonly, the fallopian tubes.

Complications with pregnancy: Uncontrolled blood sugar levels can lead tomiscarriage or congenital defects in the foetus or even to ‘big baby syndrome’ or macrosomia.

Subdued libido: Most women with diabetes would suffer from fatigue, increased anxiety and depression, which could lead todecreased sexual desire. They can also feel pain and discomfort during sex because of decreased vaginal lubrication.

PCOS: Type 2 diabetes and obesity are also linked to PCOS or Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, a metabolic disorder characterized by an excess of male hormones.

Anti-sperm antibodies: Diabetes can produce antibodies which may attack the sperms and even her eggs.

In men:

Sexual dysfunction: Men with diabetes often find it difficult to maintain an erection leading to infertility.

Decreased libido: Diabetic men also suffer from fatigue, weakness and loss of sexual drive, since certain areas of the brain don’t receive enough glucose, which is the only source of energy.

Damage to sperm DNA: Men with diabetes can experience impaired reproductive potency because of increased nuclear, mitochondrial and DNA damage.

Poor sperm quality: Type 2 diabetes is linked to poor sperm concentration in semen and also sub-par motility. Structural damage to the sperm and its DNA are also commonplace.

How is diabetes-related infertility treated?

A more holistic approach involving the couple’s respective family and medical histories is the ideal strategy. The aim is to achieve better control over the glycemic level and reproductive hormones and functions.

Some of the treatment options available are:

Medications: Treatment approach often startswith medications to stimulate ovulation in women, besides treating infections. Medications (sometimes coupled with hormonal supplements) are also used to treat issues like erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation in men.

Surgical management: Surgical management often becomes a necessity to treat some cases of PCOS, uterine fibroids, trauma injuries, etc.

Advanced reproductive technologies (ART): For men, ART experts use procedures forsperm retrieval and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. For women, the methods generally deployed are in-vitro fertilization, intrauterine inseminationand assisted laser hatching.

However, it’s not all gloom and doom if you have diabetes and planning to start a family. It just requires early and comprehensive planning involving multiple specialties including endocrinologist, gynecologist and andrologist. The goal is to maintain your blood glucose levels at an optimum range to facilitate conception and maintain pregnancy till full-term. It’s all about cutting risks, watching your weight, eating right and meticulously following the advice of the doctors. Sometimes it will be absolutely necessary to seek help from a fertility expert as well.

Psychological impact of fertility treatment : How to cope with it

Fertility Treatment

The inability to conceive a child despite trying for long can have a devastating psychological impact, and millions of couples around the world affected by infertility have to deal with this unfathomable sense of loss and grief, leading to great emotional upheavals. It’s not easy to cope with the plethora of critical medical decisions and the uncertainty about outcomes associated with fertility treatment.

Often, it’s the worst life crisis that can confront a couple which, apart from the overwhelming sense of loss, can also trigger anger, guilt and shame. It can lead to depression, anxiety and a terrible feeling of alienation. Just remember that coming to grips with infertility, the subsequent decision to go for assisted reproduction and the psychological impact of the treatment, is not easy and sometimes you will need support from a certified mental health professional. It’s very important to know that you are not alone in this journey.

When should you seek psychological counseling?

Infertility treatmentcould be an emotional rollercoaster for most couples, and feeling overwhelmed is perfectly normal. You need to talk to the treating doctor and counselor in case you are feeling like any of these:

  • Losing interest in normal activities
  • A sense of depression that engulfs you
  • You feel your relationship with your partner and others is on the edge
  • Can’t take your mind off your infertility problem
  • Feel anxious all the time
  • Detect a fall in your efficiency levels
  • Have trouble concentrating
  • Experience difficulty in sleeping
  • Find a change in appetite or weight
  • Have suicidal thoughts
  • Shun company
  • Experience a constant sense of guilt, bitterness or anger

How can counseling help you cope better?

  • The primary goal of the counselor is to help couples cope better with the physical and emotional factors linked to infertility, and the medical treatments.
  • Choosing the right medical treatment or exploring other family-building options can be a tough decision where your infertility specialist and the counselor can play a big role.
  • A counselor can teach you deal with stress, anxiety or depression by using problem-solving techniques which can help you cope better with grief, fear, and other negative emotions.
  • We all have in-built coping skills which sometimes take a backseat when a sense of grief and futility overwhelms us. Therapy prior to and during the treatment can help in re-charging those skills and help in achieving a place of positivity and hope.
  • These exercises could also often turn the life crisis of infertility on its head to help the individual/couple embrace rewarding pursuits for progress, armed with more clarity of thought.
  • Sometimes, the hormones used in infertility treatment affect the mood of the patient, prior knowledge and understanding can help a person to cope better. Counselingby the treating doctor and the therapist is a vital part of infertility treatment.
  • What can I do on my own to cope better?

    The journey through IVF could be very tough, and there’s no right or wrong way to feel about it. Emotions vary from person to person. However, you can try these simple steps to keep your negative emotions in check:

    Don’t fight your feelings: Acknowledge your feelings and emotions, don’t try to suppress or deny them, no matter how intense and destabilizing they are.

    Stay in the moment: Try and perceive your emotions as a passing phenomenon, even if they are particularly painful. Tell yourself, “Tomorrow will be better”.

    Talk to people: Opening up about your feelings and secret fears to someone you can lean on can really help. It could be your partner, a family member or a close friend or colleague. It strengthens the sense of not being alone in your fertility journey.

    Focus on what you can control: There are only certain things which are in your grasp, like when you would like to start a treatment cycle, the length of break between cycles, or when to seek another opinion. Try to stay with these tangibles and remember to plan for the short term and keep your plans flexible.

    Stay informed: Get clear understanding of critical issues like treatment cost, success rates based on your specific circumstances and all the different treatment options available. This will help you make better choices and more confident about meeting challenges head-on.

    Medicines might help: For some people, antidepressant medications may be required for the treatment of depression and anxiety. Most of these can be safely used in pregnancy as well.

Your Step by Step Guide to Treating Infertility

Treating Infertility

If you are under 35 years of age and have been trying regularly to conceive for more than 12 months or your age is above 35 years and you have been trying to conceive for more than six months, you must consider consulting a fertility specialist in Kolkata for a basic infertility workup which is the first step for diagnosing and treating infertility.

A fertility workup is a preliminary step in determining the reasons why a partner or the couple is experiencing difficulties in conceiving. While the fear of the unknown can be a daunting experience and you may be experiencing tremendous anxiety when you are facing trouble conceiving, identifying fertility problems will empower you and the fertility team to identify solutions. The following is a step-by-step guide to what to expect when you schedule the first workup with fertility specialist Dr Aindri Sanyal.

Initial Consultation for Treating Infertility

During the initial consultation, any fertility specialist in Kolkata is likely to ask detailed questions about your medical history that will relate to all medical and lifestyle factors that may contribute to infertility. For instance, during the first consultation with fertility specialist Dr Aindri Sanyal, she will create a detail diagnostic plan tailored for you. In this plan, she may ask you to answer questions like:

  • Are your fallopian tubes normal?
  • Have you been ovulating regularly?
  • Is the uterus receptive to implantation?
  • Is your partner’s sperm count adequate?

Female Testing

There are many standardized tests that the female must go through during a fertility workup process:

Three-day bloodwork

The reason why this is referred to as three-day blood work is that a holistic blood draw is taken on the third day of a woman’s menstrual cycle to determine the hormone levels. The blood work will look at the E2 (oestrogen) to check if the main female reproductive hormone is secreting normally. The blood profile will also determine the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a chemical released from the brain. It stimulates the ovary to mature an egg.

The blood work will look at the Anti-MÃŧllerian hormone (AMH), one of the accurate predictors of a woman’s egg supply. It doesn’t vary from month to month and does not depend on the menstrual cycle. The luteinizing hormone (LH) is also measured. This hormone typically releases a mature follicle.

An Internal Baseline Ultrasound

The workup process also includes a uterus ultrasound to see if a woman’s uterus is normal and keep track of the antral follicle count. The latter represents eggs available in that month for a possible pregnancy.

HSG Test

Hysterosalpingogram or the HSG test is an x-ray of the fallopian tubes and uterus. The test helps to determine the condition of the uterus and see if the fallopian tubes are blocked or not. It also looks to determine if there are polyps, fibroids, or scar tissues that may be preventing pregnancy.

Male Testing

Among 40 to 50% of infertile couples struggling to conceive, the male partner has a condition that is contributing to a couple’s infertility; hence, it is imperative to analyze their sperm health and count. The tests are less intrusive than female infertility tests.

Semen Analysis

An andrologist conducts a semen analysis to examine a man’s sperm’s potential to fertilize an egg. The number of sperms and whether or not they are normal — along with how well they swim — will be analyzed during male testing.

Chlamydia test

A sample of a man’s urine maybe tested for chlamydia, as it may affect chances of fertility. A physician will prescribe antibiotics if chlamydia is detected.

To know more about male and female infertility workup, keep an eye in this space.

Thyroid Affecting Your Pregnancy? Know How to Cope with It

A hormonal imbalance due to thyroid during pregnancy can lead to several complications. Know how to manage thyroid problems and achieve a healthy pregnancy.

Read more in Bengali

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  • āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāϕ⧇āϰ āϟāĻžāύ
  • āĻļ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ• āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻ•, āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĨ¤

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄ āϕ⧀āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŽāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāύāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇?

āĻšāĻžāχāĻĒāĻžāϰāĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻŽā§‡āϰ (Hyperthyroidism) āĻ“ āĻšāĻžāχāĻĒā§‹āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧāĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻŽā§‡āϰ (Hypothyroidism) āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϝ⧇āϏāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϏ⧇āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻšāϞ:

  • āĻ•āύāϏāĻŋāĻ­ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž
  • āĻšāĻžāχāĻĒāĻžāϰāĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻŽā§‡āϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻž āύāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄ āĻšāϰāĻŽā§‹āύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇, āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧇āϰ āĻā§āρāĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦ⧇āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž
  • āĻšāĻžāχāĻĒā§‹āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧāĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻļāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻŦāĻžāϧāĻž āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧ
  • āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄ āĻšāϰāĻŽā§‹āύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻž āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāϞ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āφāϗ⧇ āĻĄā§‡āϞāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇
  • āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āϚāĻž āĻ—āĻ°ā§āϭ⧇ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āύāĻž
  • āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āϝāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āϚāĻžāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄā§‡āϰ āĻ“āώ⧁āϧ āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āϤāϟāĻž āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ?

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄā§‡āϰ āĻ“āώ⧁āϧ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄāϕ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻšā§‡āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦāϝāĻŧ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϚāϞāĻž āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āϏ⧇āϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻž āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĢ⧇āϞ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻž āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āϤāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻ“āώ⧁āϧāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāĻžāĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāύ āĻšāϞ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄ āĻšāϰāĻŽā§‹āύ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĨ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āϝāĻž āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄā§‡āϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĨ¤

āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧀āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϚāϞāĻŦ⧇āύ?

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āύāσ

  • āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϪ⧇ āφāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻĄāĻŋāύāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āϟāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ
  • āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϧ⧂āĻŽāĻĒāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ­ā§āϝāĻžāϏ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āϏ⧇āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ
  • āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŋāĻ• āϚāĻžāĻĒ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻļāϰ⧀āϰāϚāĻ°ā§āϚāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ
  • āϝ⧇ āϏāĻŦ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āϧāϰāĻž āĻĒāϰ⧇ āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇āχ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āϤāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€, āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄ āĻ“āώ⧁āϧ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄā§‡āϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āύāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ, āϝāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϟāĻŋ āĻāϏ āĻāχāϚ -āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻž āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāύ⧋āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāχāϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĄā§‡āϰ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻļāϰ⧀āϰ⧇ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āύ āϤāĻ–āύāĻŋ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āϤāĻžāϰāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧁āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞ⧁āύ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āϏāϤāĻ°ā§āĻ•āϤāĻž āĻ…āĻŦāϞāĻŽā§āĻŦāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

The Story of Ishani’s Embryo Transfer

Read on to know about Ishani’s journey to motherhood through IVF – a boon to every woman trying to achieve pregnancy.


Read more in Bengali

āφāĻŽāĻŋ āψāĻļāĻžāύāĻŋ āĻĻāĻ¤ā§āϤāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ ā§Šā§§ āĻŦāĻ›āϰāĨ¤ āĻ•āϞāĻ•āĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāύ⧇āĻĻāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŦ⧌āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžâ€™āϰ āĻāĻ• āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻŽā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĨ¤ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻ…āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāύ, āĻ“āϰ āĻŦāϝāĻŧ⧇āϏ ā§Šā§¯āĨ¤ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ ā§Ž āĻŦāĻ›āϰāĨ¤ āĻ—āϤ ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āϧāϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž – āĻŽāĻž āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āϟāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻĒāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϝāĻ“ āĻĒ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻāχ āĻĒāĻĨ āϚāϞāĻžāϟāĻž āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ āĻŋāύ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ, āφāϜ āϏ⧇āχ āĻ—āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻļ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āύāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϚāĻžāχ āϏāĻŦāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇āĨ¤

ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇āϰ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āϘ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āϟāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ, āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ⧁āϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇ āĻ–ā§‹āρāϜ āĻĒ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇, āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻ…āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖ āĻ“āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āϗ⧇āϞ⧇āύāĨ¤ āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻāĻ• āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒ⧇āĻļāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϤāĻž, āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ, āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻļ⧁āύ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϟāĻž āφāĻļāĻžāϰ āφāϞ⧋ āĻĒ⧇āϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

āĻ“āύāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āχ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ ā§Šā§Ļ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻĻāĻŋāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻĒāϰāĨ¤ āĻĻāĻŋāύāϟāĻŋ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ ⧍ā§Ē āĻļ⧇ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§‹āĻŦāϰ ⧍ā§Ļ⧧⧝āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻŦ⧇āĻļā§€āϰ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĢāϞāĻĒā§āϰāϏ⧂ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āχ āĻāĻ•āϟ⧁ āĻ­āϝāĻŧāχ āĻ•āϰāĻ›āĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

 āύāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āϝāĻ–āύ āφāĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϞ⧋ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āϤāĻ–āύ āϜāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāϏāĻž āĻ•āϰāϞ⧋: “āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ?” āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āϚāĻžāχāϞāĻžāĻŽ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖāϟāĻŋ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāϤ āφāϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž! āύāĻžāĻ°ā§āϏ āĻŦāϞāϞ⧇āύ, “āψāĻļāĻžāύāĻŋ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϚāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧋āύāĻžāĨ¤ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖāϟāĻŋ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻŋāϤ āύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āϏāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧇āχ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϜāĻžāύāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāϤ⧋āĨ¤ āϏāĻŦ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āφāϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ āφāϜāϕ⧇āχ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤â€ āĻļ⧁āύ⧇ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āφāύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻĒ⧇āϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϟāĻŋ āϏ⧁āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāϰ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻšāϞ⧋āĨ¤ āϏ⧇āχ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŽā§€ āĻ…āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāύ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻļ⧇ āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž  āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖāϟāĻŋāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ āĻĻāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽ ‘āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ’āĨ¤  āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ  āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­ā§‚āϤāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻĢāĻŋāϰāϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤  āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧇ āϏāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇ āĻĒ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āĻ…āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤāĻž āĻšāϞ⧋āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ ⧍ āϏāĻĒā§āϤāĻžāĻš āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ­āĻžāϞ⧋āχ āĻ•āĻžāϟāϞ⧋āĨ¤  āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇āĻ“ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ•āϟāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

⧍ āϏāĻĒā§āϤāĻžāĻš āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϤāĻž āĻšāĻ āĻžā§Ž āϝ⧇āύ āĻŦāĻĻāϞ⧇ āϗ⧇āϞ⧋, āĻ…āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻžāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻšāĻ āĻžā§Ž āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āϧāϰāĻž āĻĒāϰ⧇āĨ¤  āϏ⧇āχ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŋāĻ• āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞāϤāĻž āϚāϞāĻ›āĻŋāϞ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧁āϜāύ⧇āϰāχāĨ¤ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖ  āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ⧇āϰ ā§Ž āĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻĒāϰ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϞāĻžāĻŽ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϰ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āφāϰ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž āĻšāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āϜāĻžāύāĻžāϞāĻžāĻŽ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻž āϕ⧇, āĻŦāϞāϞāĻžāĻŽ ‘āĻŽāĻž āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāϟ āĻ•āĻŋāύ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϰ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āϟāĻž āĻ•āϰāϞāĻžāĻŽ āϏāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻŋāχ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻžāĨ¤  āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻĒāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻ­ āĻāϞ⧋āĨ¤  āϏ⧇āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āϞāĻžāχāύāϟāĻž āĻšāĻžāϞāĻ•āĻž āĻšāϞ⧇āĻ“ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ 

āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŦāĻžāχāϕ⧇ āχāϤāĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϜāĻžāύāĻžāϞāĻžāĻŽ āϝ⧇ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒ⧇āĻļāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϟ āϕ⧇āĻ“ āĻ–āĻŦāϰāϟāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽ| āωāύāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āϝ āĻŦāϞāϞ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āφāϰ⧇āĻ•āϟāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋ āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āϰ⧇āϜāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ• āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϭ⧁āϞ āφāϏ⧇āĨ¤ āφāϰ⧇āĻ•āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāϞāĻžāĻŽ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϞāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻ•āχ āϰ⧇āϜāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟāĨ¤  

āĻ•āĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻĒāϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āϞāĻžāĻŽ āφāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻŦā§āϰ⧇āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡ āφāĻŦāĻžāϰ āύāϰāĻŽāĻžāϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϗ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻšāϞ⧋, āφāϰ⧇āĻ•āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāϟ āĻ•āĻŋāύ⧇ āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻ•āϰāϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĢāϞ āĻāϞ⧋ āύ⧇āϗ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ­āĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āϟ⧁ āĻšāϤāĻžāĻļ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ āύāĻŋāĻœā§‡āϕ⧇ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻ…āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϞāĻžāĻ—āϞ⧋āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϟāĻž āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϞ⧇ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āϟāĻž āĻ•āϰāϞāĻžāĻŽ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āφāĻŦāĻžāϰ āϏ⧇āχ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻŋāύāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϗ⧇āϞāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āĻĒāĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻĒ āϜāĻžāύāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ⧇āĨ¤

āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒ⧇āĻļāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āφāϰ⧇āĻ•āĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āϟāĻž āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϞ⧋| āφāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύāĻ“ āĻšāϞ āφāϗ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋āĨ¤ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāϞāĻžāĻŽ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āφāϰ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āĻ­āϰāϏāĻž āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒ⧇āĻļāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āĻ—āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāϞāĻžāĻŽāĨ¤ āϰāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ°ā§āϟ āĻāϞ⧋ āĻĒāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻ­āĨ¤ āĻāϰ ā§Šā§Ž āϏāĻĒā§āϤāĻžāĻš āĻĒāϰ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻāϞ⧋ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĢ⧁āϟāĻĢ⧁āĻŸā§‡ āĻĒ⧁āĻ¤ā§āϰ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāύ āφāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž – āĻŽāĻž āĻšāϞāĻžāĻŽ āφāĻŽāϰāĻžāĨ¤ 

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Breaking the Silence around Miscarriage

In July 2020, Meghan Markle shared her “almost unbearable grief” at having lost her child to a miscarriage. The Duchess is not the first royal to share the experience of pregnancy loss as Sophie Wessex and Prince Edward earlier opened up about their traumatizing pregnancy loss.

The Duchess hoped that by sharing her story she might be able to remove some of the stigma that exists around pregnancy loss to this day. While, 2.6 million babies are stillborn and an estimated 85 percent of miscarriages happen before the 12th week of pregnancy every year, it is a topic that many still consider taboo.

What is a Miscarriage?

A miscarriage — in medical jargon indicates spontaneous abortion — is the unexpected end of a pregnancy before 20 weeks gestation. During a miscarriage, an embryo or foetus is spontaneously expelled from the uterus but is incapable of surviving in the outside world. After 20 weeks, the loss of a foetus is called a stillbirth but not a miscarriage.

What Causes a Miscarriage?

Miscarriages are not caused by moderate exercises, falls, sex and stress at work, fights with a spouse, or morning sickness. Rather, a miscarriage is a biological way of ending a pregnancy that is not going right.

The loss of the foetus or embryo and its expulsion from the uterus can be caused by factors, ranging from genetic defects to immune reactions in a mother’s body. Research suggests that half of all early miscarriages are connected to abnormal chromosomes.

Often, the causes of a miscarriage cannot be pinpointed at all. And in almost every case, there’s nothing the mother did wrong that led to the miscarriage or could have possibly done differently to prevent it.

Symptoms of Miscarriage

The symptoms of a miscarriage can vary from woman to woman and in some cases, can be completely different if some woman. But the most common signs include:

Vaginal bleeding can start as a dark brownish discharge. There may be blood clots or other tissue passing from your vagina with heavy bleeding. However, not all bleeding during pregnancy indicates a miscarriage. Especially when there ‘spotting’ characterized by a small amount of bleeding, many pregnancies continue to be healthy.

Cramps or other pain in the lower back, the pelvic area or abdomen

A decrease in the usual signs of pregnancy, such as breast tenderness and nausea may in rare cases signify miscarriage.

In addition to the possibility of miscarriage, pain or vaginal bleeding during pregnancy can be caused by other problems, such as an ectopic pregnancy. These symptoms should prompt an immediate consultation with your doctor, midwife, or nurse practitioner.

Miscarriage During the Pandemic

While there may be no way to erase the challenges of miscarriage during a pandemic, there are some steps that can be taken to cope and make you feel empowered.

  • Find alternative ways to connect: While the value of in-person contact cannot be replaced, consider other ways of connecting with friends and loved ones like virtual happy hours or virtual games such as trivia. It may also be helpful to set a regular time for these hangouts, such as Saturday night, to ensure you get that much needed time with your own people.
  • Allow yourself to grieve: As mentioned, in the backdrop of significant losses and suffering this year, it can feel difficult to grieve the loss of pregnancies. Attempting to hold yourself back from grieving is like fighting quicksand, you will find yourself stuck even more. Giving yourself the space to grieve will allow you to move forward in the healing process.
  • Connect to resources: Online support groups and miscarriage associations on Facebook and other online channels provide help. Additionally, it can be helpful to seek support through therapy. 
  • Find your anchor: Whenever you find yourself caught in a sea of intense emotions, it can be helpful to identify your anchor to keep you grounded. Your anchor maybe your loved ones, your passion or the most helpful coping skill you use like meditation or journaling.

While there’s so much we do not know about what the future holds for us, we know that there is support, we know that we are not alone, and that we’ll get through.

Is it possible to have a child if you test positive for HIV?

Worried over having a baby after testing positive for HIV? IVF can be a safe and effective way of choosing parenthood.

Read more in Bengali

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āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāϜāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻ­ āĻšāϞ⧇

āφāĻĒāύāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāϞāĻŋ āϝ⧇ āĻĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻāχāϚ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāϏāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻ­ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻāχ āύāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ…āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ| āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϜāĻžāύāĻž āĻĻāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϝ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§€āϰ āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϞ āϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ•āϤāϟāĻž| āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻāϟāĻžāĻ“ āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āωāύāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āχāύāĻĢ⧇āĻ•āĻļāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇āĻ“ āϭ⧁āĻ—āϛ⧇āύ āĻ•āĻŋāύāĻž| āωāύāĻŋ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āχāύāĻĢ⧇āĻ•āĻļāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āύāĻž āĻ­ā§‹āϗ⧇āύ āĻ“ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟ – āĻšāĻžāχ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ­ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋ-āϰ⧇āĻŸā§āϰ⧋āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϞ āĻĨ⧇āϰāĻžāĻĒāĻŋ, āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āϏ⧁āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ āϝ⧌āύ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāύ⧇ āĻāχāϚ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāϪ⧇āϰ āĻā§āρāĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽ| āϤāĻŦ⧇, āĻ…āϏ⧁āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ āϝ⧌āύ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāύ āĻļ⧁āϧ⧁ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻ“āϭ⧁āϞ⧇āĻļāύ āĻĒāĻŋāϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻĄ-āĻāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ| āĻĄāĻžāĻ•ā§āϤāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāώāĻžāϝāĻŧ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻāϟāĻžāϕ⧇ āϟāĻžāχāĻŽāĻĄ āχāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰāϕ⧋āĻ°ā§āϏ āĻŦāϞ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋ| āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāϕ⧇āĻŦāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇āχ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāϪ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāύāĻž āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϤ⧇ āϚāĻžāύ, āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒ⧇āĻļāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ…āύ⧁āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻāĻĢ āĻŦāĻž āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āύ|

āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϏ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇āχ āĻāĻĄāϏ āύāϝāĻŧ

āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϰ⧋āϰ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤ⧇ āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϏ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āϗ⧇āϞ⧇āχ āϝ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āϏ⧇ āĻāĻĄāϏ⧇ āφāĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϤāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻĄāϏ āϤāĻ–āύāχ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϝāĻ–āύ āĻļāϰ⧀āϰ⧇āϰ āϰ⧋āĻ— āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§‡ āĻ—āĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āύāĻžāύāĻž āϰ⧋āĻ— āĻŦāĻžāϏāĻž āĻŦāĻžāρāϧāϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤

āĻ…āϏ⧁āĻ–āϟāĻž āϕ⧀

āĻāĻĄāϏ-āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϏāϟāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāωāĻŽā§āϝāĻžāύ āχāĻŽāĻŋāωāύ⧋ āĻĄā§‡āĻĢāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϏ āϝāĻž āĻļā§āĻŦ⧇āϤ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤāĻ•āĻŖāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋ-ā§Ē āϞāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻĢā§‹āϏāĻžāχāϟ āϕ⧋āώāϕ⧇ āϖ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĢ⧇āϞ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϤ⧇ āϰ⧋āĻ— āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻŽāϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āϤāĻ–āύ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϏ-āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āĻŸā§‡āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏāĻšāĻœā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāϏāĻž āĻŦāĻžāρāϧ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻœā§āĻŦāϰ, āϏāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻ“ āĻĒ⧇āϟ āĻ–āĻžāϰāĻžāĻĒ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āϛ⧋āϟāĻ–āĻžāϟ āĻ…āϏ⧁āĻ– āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āϜāϟāĻŋāϞ āϰ⧋āĻ— āĻŦāĻžāϏāĻž āĻŦāĻžāρāϧāϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤

āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤ āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ•āϟāĻŋ āωāĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻāĻĄāϏ-āĻāϰ āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϏ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļāϰ⧀āϰ⧇ āφāϏ⧇,

ā§§) āĻ…āϏ⧁āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ āϝ⧌āύ āϏāĻ‚āϏāĻ°ā§āĻ—

⧍) āĻĄā§āϰāĻžāĻ— āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāϰāĻŋāϤ āϏ⧂āϚ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϞ⧇

ā§Š) āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāϜāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻ­ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āώ⧇āϰ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻļāϰ⧀āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇

āĻ­āĻžāχāϰāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž

āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āϰāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāχ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¤ā§āϝ⧇āϕ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻāϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϕ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύāĨ¤

  • āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŋ

āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤

  • āĻĒ⧇āĻļā§€ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻžāϰāĻŖ

āĻ•āĻ āĻŋāύ āĻļāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāϜ āύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āχ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻĒ⧇āĻļā§€āϤ⧇ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āĻāϟāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻšā§‡āϞāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻŦ⧇āύ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋ-āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

  • āϜāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢā§‹āϞāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ

āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϜāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢā§‹āϞāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•, āϤāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ⧇āϰ āφāϗ⧇āχ āϜāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĢā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻšāĻžāϞāĻ•āĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύ⧇āĻŦ⧇āύ āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋāϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

  • āĻ“āϜāύ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡ āϝāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž

āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋ āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§€āϰ āĻ“āϜāύ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻšā§‡āĻˇā§āϟāĻž āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāχ āĻ“āϜāύ āĻ•āĻŽāϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āϏāϤāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻšāĻŦ⧇āύāĨ¤ āĻļ⧁āĻ•āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ

  • āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻ—āϤ āĻļ⧁āĻ•āύ⧋ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ

āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻ—āϤ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ•āĻžāĻļāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤ āύ⧇āχāĨ¤ āϏāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž āĻŽā§āĻ– āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž, āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋāϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

  • āĻ āĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻž āϞāĻžāĻ—āĻž

āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āϞāĻžāĻ—āϤ⧇āχ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āφāĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ⧇āĻ“ āϚāϟ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āϞ⧇āϗ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāχāϚāφāχāĻ­āĻŋāϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

  •  āϘ⧁āĻŽāĻžāύ⧋āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āϘāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž

āϝ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āϘ⧁āĻŽā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϘāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāχāĻĄāϏ āĻāϰ āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āϜāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻāχāϚ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āφāĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ

āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧇āĻšā§‡ āĻāχāϚ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻ›āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϕ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāύ⧇āϰ āĻšāĻžāϤ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāρāϚāĻžāύ⧋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāĨ¤ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ āĻžāĻ• āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāϞāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ• āĻŦ⧇āĻļā§€ āϏ⧁āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāϤ⧀ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϝ⧇āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϜāĻžāύāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ āϤāĻž āĻšāϞ:

  • āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻž āĻ“ āĻ“āϏ⧁āϧ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāϪ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦāύāĻž āĻ•āĻŽāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤
  • āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻžāύāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ⧇ āϏ⧇ āĻāχāϚ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĒ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāρāϚāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤
  • āĻāχāϚ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ“āϏ⧁āϧ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āύāĻž āϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ ā§§/ā§Š āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻž āĻāχāϚ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϜāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ⧍/ā§Š āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻž ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āϏāĻŦ āĻļ⧇āώ⧇ āĻŦāϞāĻŋ āϝ⧇ āĻāχāϚ āφāχ āĻ­āĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇āχ āϝ⧇ āĻŽāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻž āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏ⧁āĻ– āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇āύ āύāĻž – āĻāĻŽāύ āύāϝāĻŧ. āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āχ āφāϗ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻ­āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦ⧇āύ āύāĻž āφāϰ āĻšāĻžāϞ āϛ⧇āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻŦ⧇āύ āύāĻž

Preparing for pregnancy when you have diabetes!

Diabetes and pregnancy doesn’t have to be a risky combination. You might just need to make some healthy changes or seek treatment before you get pregnant.

Read more in Bengali

āϝ⧇āϏāĻŦ āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ• āύāĻžāϰ⧀ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāύ āϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āχāĻšā§āϛ⧁āĻ•, āϤāĻžāρāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āϏāϤāĻ°ā§āĻ•āϤāĻž āĻ“ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāϏāϜāύāĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϜāϟāĻŋāϞāϤāĻž āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āϰ⧇āϟāĻŋāύāĻž-āĻ•āĻŋāĻĄāύāĻŋ-āĻ¸ā§āύāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁-āϰāĻ•ā§āϤāύāĻžāϞāĻŋāϰ āϰ⧋āĻ— āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āϜāϟāĻŋāϞāϤāϰ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻžāρāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āύāϝāĻŧ, āϤāĻžāρāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āϜāϟāĻŋāϞāϤāĻžāϰ āĻā§āρāĻ•āĻŋ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋāĨ¤ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ: āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻĒāĻžāϤ, āĻĒā§āϰāĻŋ- āĻāĻ•āϞāĻžāĻŽā§āĻĒāϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž, āĻŽā§‡āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āφāϗ⧇āχ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻŦ āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤ⧇ āωāĻšā§āϚ āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻ—āĻ°ā§āϭ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āϘāϟāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇, āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ: āĻ—āĻ°ā§āϭ⧇ āĻŽā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āϝ⧁, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āϞāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ—āϤāĻž, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§‚āϞāϤāĻž, āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻŦāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āφāϘāĻžāϤ āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĨ¤

āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāϏ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧ?

  • āĻĒ⧁āϰ⧁āώāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāϏ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇āĻ“ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āύāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāύāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢ⧇āĻ•ā§āϟ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇
  • āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻŋāϏāĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāϰ⧇āĻœā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āχ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻāχ āύāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāϏ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇āχ āĻšāĻŦ⧁ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻŽāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇āĻļāύ āĻšāĻŦ⧇
  • āĻŽāύ⧇ āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻŦ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāϏ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇āĻ“ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āφāϗ⧇ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻŦā§āϞāĻžāĻĄāϏ⧁āĻ—āĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§āϰ⧋āϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āĻĢāϞāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻĄ āĻ–āĻžāύ āϤāĻžāĻšāϞ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āĻļ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻ•āĻŽāĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇āĻļāύ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāύ⧋ āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇

āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāϏ⧇ āφāĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āύāĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āĻ­āϧāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽāĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻŽāĻžāϏ āφāϗ⧇ āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϜāϰ⧁āϰāĻŋāĨ¤

  • āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤāĻŋ
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  • āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ“āϜāύ
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  • āĻļāĻ°ā§āĻ•āϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖ
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  • āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāϏāϜāύāĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϜāϟāĻŋāϞāϤāĻž
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IVF v/s ICSI: The Right Choice

Making the right choice when it comes to going for infertility treatment could make all the difference. Find out what works best for you – IVF or ICSI?

Read more in Bengali

IVF vs ICSI

āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāϝāĻŧ āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āχ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋāϰ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āφāϞ⧋āϚāύāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĨ¤ āϤāĻŦ⧇ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāϝāĻŧ āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻĨāĻž āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻšāϞ – āφāχāϏāĻŋāĻāϏāφāχ āĻŦāĻž āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĻ⧇āϖ⧇ āύ⧇āĻŦ, āĻ•āĻ–āύ āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ-āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ? āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§‡ āφāϏāĻž, āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āϰ⧋āϤ⧇ āύāĻž āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻž, āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āωāĻšā§āϚāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āϤāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϭ⧃āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϞ⧇āχ āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϧāϰ⧁āύ, āĻ…āύ⧇āϕ⧇āϰ āĻŦā§€āĻ°ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϪ⧇ āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āĻ“āϞāĻŋāĻ—ā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϕ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇āχ āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϜ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϏāĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻžāϰāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰ⧁āĻĻā§āϧāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ āϏāĻŦ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āϕ⧀?

āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻšāϞ āχāύ āĻ­āĻŋāĻŸā§āϰ⧋ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāϞāĻžāχāĻœā§‡āĻļāύāĨ¤ āĻāĻ• āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻšā§‡āϰ āĻŦāĻžāχāϰ⧇ āĻĒ⧇āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻ“ āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āύāĻŋāώ⧇āĻ• āϘāϟāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāύāχ āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇āχ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āϏāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖāϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāρāϚ āĻĻāĻŋāύ āϰ⧇āϖ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āύāϜāϰ āϰāĻžāϖ⧇āύ āĻāĻŽāĻŦā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϞāϜāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻŦ⧁āĻā§‡ āĻšāĻŦ⧁ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻļāϰ⧀āϰ⧇ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖāϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āφāχāϏāĻŋāĻāϏāφāχ (āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ) āϕ⧀?

 āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ āĻšāϞ āχāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻž āϏāĻžāχāĻŸā§‹āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāϜāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āχāĻžā§āĻœā§‡āĻ•āĻļāύāĨ¤ āĻāĻ• āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŽāĻŦā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϞāϜāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻŦ⧇āϛ⧇ āύ⧇āύāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ›āĻžāχ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁āϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āχāĻžā§āĻœā§‡āĻ•āĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϗ⧇āρāĻĨ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĢ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āχ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āύāĻŋāώāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧁ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āϭ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻ“ āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ-āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĻ⧃āĻļā§āϝ:

āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āϏāĻ™ā§āĻ—ā§€ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāϤāĻŋ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻžāϤāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ (āĻĄā§‹āύāĻžāϰ) āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁-āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇āĻ“ āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āϏ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇āχ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁-āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ—ā§āϰāĻš āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻŦāĻžāĻ›āĻžāχāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāύāχ āύāĻŋāώ⧇āĻ• āϘāϟāĻžāύ āĻāĻ• āϜāύ āĻāĻŽāĻŦā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϞāϜāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϟāĨ¤ āφāϰ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāύāχ āĻĒāϰ⧀āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āϖ⧇āύ āϝ⧇, āϕ⧋āύāϟāĻž āϕ⧋āύāϟāĻž āύāĻŋāώāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ āĻŦāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāώāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāρāϚ āĻĻāĻŋāύ āχāύāĻ•āĻŋāωāĻŦ⧇āϟāϰ⧇ āϰ⧇āϖ⧇ āύāϜāϰāĻĻāĻžāϰāĻŋ āϚāĻžāϞāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϝ⧇ āĻ­ā§āϰ⧂āĻŖ āϏāĻŦ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāϞ, āϏ⧇āϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧁ āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϰ āĻ—āĻ°ā§āϭ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āϏāĻžāĻĻ⧃āĻļā§āϝ āĻšāϝāĻŧāϤ⧋ āĻāχ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ—āĻžāϤ⧇āχāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻĻ⧁āχ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ•āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāχ āĻ āĻŦāĻžāϰ āφāϏāĻž āϝāĻžāĻ• āĻāχ āĻĻ⧁āχ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻ“ āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ-āϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ:

āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž

āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĢāĻžāϰāĻžāĻ•āϟāĻž āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇āχāĨ¤ āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒ⧇āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻļ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āύāĻŋāώ⧇āĻ• āϘāϟāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ• āϰāĻžāϤ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇āχ āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁⧁āϰ āĻ—āĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϗ⧇āρāĻĨ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ-āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁āϟāĻŋ āĻŦ⧇āϛ⧇ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āχāĻžā§āĻœā§‡āĻ•āĻļāύ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āĻ—āĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϗ⧇āρāĻĨ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ•āĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āύāϟāĻž

āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤ āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§€āύ āϝāĻžāρāϰāĻž, āϤāĻžāρāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇āχ āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒ⧁āϰ⧁āώāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϝ āĻāύ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ āĻāχ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤

āφāϰ āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ• āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āφāϰ āĻāϟāĻž āĻŦāĻšā§āϞ āĻĒā§āϰāϚāϞāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻĢāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāĨ¤ āφāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āφāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϰāĻ•āĻŽā§‡āϰ āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤ 

āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻāϰ āωāĻĒāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻž:

  • āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁ āύāĻŋāώ⧇āϕ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ-āϰ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāϰ āχāύāϭ⧇āϏāĻŋāĻ­
  • āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āώ⧇āϰ āϭ⧁āϞ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻ•āĻŽ
  • āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻšā§‡āϰ āĻŦāĻžāχāϰ⧇ āĻĒ⧇āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻļ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āχ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āϏāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ

āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻāϰ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻž:

  • āύāĻŋāώ⧇āĻ• āĻĒ⧁āϰ⧋āĻĒ⧁āϰāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ
  • āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ• āĻļ⧁āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāϪ⧁ āϧ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāϏāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇, āĻāϟāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āύāĻž
  • āĻĒ⧁āϰ⧁āώ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇ āφāĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āωāĻĒāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āύāϝāĻŧ
  • āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ—ā§āϰāĻšā§‡āϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āϏ⧇āϟāĻž āĻ•āϤāϟāĻž āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŖāϤ

āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ-āϰ āωāĻĒāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻž:

  • āĻĒ⧁āϰ⧁āώ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀
  • āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āύāĻŋāώāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ
  • āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āĻŽāĻžāύ āϜāĻžāύāĻž āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇
  • āϏāĻŦ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āύāĻŋāώāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ – āϕ⧋āύāĻ“ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āĻ…āĻĒāϚāϝāĻŧ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž

āχāĻ•āϏāĻŋ-āϰ āĻ…āĻĒāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻž:

  • āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§āĻž āĻ“ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώ āĻāĻŽāĻŦā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϞāϜāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϟ āύāĻž āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻŦ⧇āĻĄāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ
  • āφāχāĻ­āĻŋāĻāĻĢ-āĻāϰ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋāχ āχāύāϭ⧇āϏāĻŋāĻ­ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ
  • āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ–āϰāĻšā§‡āϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž
  • āĻāχ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϜāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻžāύ⧋ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻ‚āĻļ āĻĒāϰāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋āχ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇